The Mole - Sample Problems

 

Examples:

1. How many grams of sulfur are present in 0.150 mol of Au?

 

solution:

1 mole of Au → 197.0 g

0.150 mol of Au→ x g

 

x = 197.0 g x 0.150 moles = 29.6 g Au

              1 mole

 

2. How many atoms are in a sample of uranium with a mass of 1.00 x 10–6 g ?

 solution:

 1 mol U → 238.0 g U

1 mol U → 2.03 x 1023 atoms

 
therefore:

 

238.0 g U → 2.03 x 1023 atoms

1.00 x 10–6 g U → x atoms

 

x = (2.03 x 1023 atoms)( 1.00 x 10–6 g) = 2.53 x 1015 atoms

                    238.0 g

 

 3. How many grams is 0.115 mol of Ca3(PO4)2 ?

 

Solution:

 

1 mol of   Ca3(PO4)→  310.18 g

0.115 mol  → x g

 

x = 310.18 g x 0.115 mol = 35.7 g Ca3(PO4)2

             1 mol

 

4. How many grams of Cl are needed to combine with 24.4 g of Si to make silicon tetrachloride, SiCl4?

 

Solution:

 

The balanced equation for the reaction must be written

 

            Si(s) + 2Cl2(g) → SiCl4(s)

 

From the equation we see that:

 

1 mol Si reacts with 2 mol of Cl2                                1 mol Si = 28.09 g

                                                                                    x mol Si = 24.4 g

0.869 mol Si reacts with x mol Cl2

                                                                                    x = 1 mol x 24.4 g = 0.869 mol Si

x mol Cl2  = 2 mol Cl2 x 0.869 mol Si                                     24.4 g

                             1 mol Si                                          use this value in your calculations

                = 1.74 mol

 

1 mol Cl2 = 70.90 g

1.74 mol Cl2 = x g

 

x g Cl2 = 70.90 g x 1.74 mol

                         1 mol

 

            = 123.366 g = 123 g Cl2